11/19/2022 0 Comments Octopus lg leon![]() ![]() Unfortunately, the sources of excitation to the SPON and the impact of these inputs on the behavior of SPON neurons have yet to be resolved. The SPON requires temporally precise and robust excitatory input(s) to convey information about the steep rise in sound amplitude that marks the onset of voiced sound elements. The superior paraolivary nucleus (SPON), a prominent group of inhibitory neurons in the mammalian brainstem, has been implicated in processing temporal information needed for the segmentation of ongoing complex sounds into discrete events. Streaming of temporal cues is critical for perceiving vocal communication, such as human speech, but our understanding of circuits that underlie this process is lacking, particularly at subcortical levels. At early stages of central processing, sounds are segregated into separate streams representing attributes that later merge into acoustic objects. 6Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, SpainĪuditory streaming enables perception and interpretation of complex acoustic environments that contain competing sound sources. ![]() 5Neuroscience Institute of Castilla y León (INCyL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.4Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.3Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRS 1120, Paris, France.2Institut Pasteur, Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Paris, France.1Unit of Audiology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.Leijon 1, Enrique Saldaña 5,6 and Anna K. Felix II 1 †, Boris Gourévitch 2,3,4 †, Marcelo Gómez-Álvarez 1,5,6, Sara C. ![]()
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